Figure 1 from Development of magnetic liquid metal suspensions for magnetohydrodynamics

Figure 1 from Development of magnetic liquid metal suspensions for magnetohydrodynamics

FIG. 1. Various phenomena observed in a suspension of 29 µm diameter iron particles in eGaIn, at values of volume fractions φ and applied constant inhomogeneous magnetic fields with peak magnitude B given in the panels. (a) eGaIn (φ = 0). (b) A suspension at φ = 20%, which appeared similar to the pure eGaIn. (c) A yield stress appeared for φ above the liquidsolid transition φc = 40.5%. (d) The Rosensweig instability (e) The magnetorheological effect. (f) The combined effects of panels d and e. The samples in panels a-f were rinsed with HCl to remove oxidation shortly before taking the pictures, and small amounts of remaining HCl are visible in some of the pictures. The dashed line between panels separates liquid and solid states (i.e. those with zero and non-zero yield stress). Liquid metal states appear shiny because they are conductive and can have smooth surfaces with minimal surface areas due to the surface tension of liquid. Solid states appear rough and less shiny because the particles poke through the liquidair interface. They also have a yield stress that prevents them from flowing to obtain a minimal surface area. (g) A sample exposed to air without HCl, which oxidized, causing it to appear dirty and develop a yield stress. (h) A suspension stored for a a few weeks in HCl, after which samples tended to form a porous solid structure; the liquid state could be recovered by adding more HCl and shaking the sample. - "Development of magnetic liquid metal suspensions for magnetohydrodynamics"

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Phys. Rev. Fluids 2, 013301 (2017) - Development of magnetic liquid metal suspensions for magnetohydrodynamics

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Figure 1 from Development of magnetic liquid metal suspensions for magnetohydrodynamics

Magnetic Liquid Metals Manipulated in the Three-Dimensional Free Space

Interfacial Rheology of Gallium-Based Liquid Metals

PDF) Magnetohydrodynamic enrichment of waste particles and the molten metals under influence of the sinusoidal, rotating magnetic field

Shapes and the associated liquid oscillations in the (x, z)-plane

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